Notes of  why the Guardian is changing the language it uses about the environment :

• Style guide : terms describe the environmental crisis 
• Climate change-climate emergency /crisis/breakdown
• Global heating-global warming 
• Original one are not banned
• Katharine Viner said we want to ensure we are scientifically precise
• UN ,Eu using stronger language to describe the situation
• Wildlife rather than biodiversity , fish population-fish stocks , climate science denier-climate sceptic
• Climate crisis is no longer future problem.       

Summary  

                                                       

Now the house style guide recommends terms such as ‘climate crisis’ and ‘global heating’. Style guide introduces terms to describe the environmental crisis like the preferred term of 'climate change'  is 'climate emergency', crisis or breakdown and 'global heating' is favoured over 'global warming', even though original one is not banned. This is to ensure that we are scientifically precise, said Katharine Viner. Besides, UN and Eu are using also a stronger language to describe the situation. Other terms that have been updated like 'wildlife' rather than 'biodiversity', 'fish population instead of 'fish stocks and 'climate denier' rather than 'climate sceptic'. The addition of the global carbon dioxide level to the Guardian’s daily weather pages. “Levels of CO2 in the atmosphere have risen so dramatically'' so Viner said that people should be aware that climate crisis is no longer a future problem.

Goerge Orwell time line

• 1903: George Orwel He was born 
• 1911: went to St Cyprian's School in Eastbourne.
• 1917 :he won a scholarship to Eton
• 1921 :he joined the British police in Burma.
• 1927 :he resigned
• 1928 :journeyed to Paris
• 1932-1933: worked as a teacher
• 1934 :worked in a second hand bookshop.
• 1933 :his first book was published Down and Out in Paris and London
• In 1934:  first novel Burmese Days was published
• 1935 :A Clergyman's Daughter novel was published
• 1936 :married Eileen
• 1936 :George Orwell was commissioned to write a book about poverty in northern England.
• 1937 :The Road to Wigan Pier was published
• 1938 :wrote A Homage to Catalonia, published 
• 1938-1939: He spent the winter in Morocco.
• 1939 :novel, Coming Up For Air was published.
• 1941 -1943: he worked for the BBC
• 1943 :became literary editor for the Tribune a left wing magazine
• 1945  :satire Animal Farm was published
• 1949 :masterpiece 1984 was published. 
• 1949 :married his second wife Sonia.
• 1950 :he was died

Turning points of Fred Hollows

Turning Points: 
 -Holiday job in mental hospital:change to psychology, then medicine.
-Met first wife Mary, came to Australia. 
-Took ophthalmology job in Australia. 
-frank Hardy's talk influenced investigation into Aboriginals' eye disease. 
-A researcher at a party invited him to take medical team to treat eye problems of aboriginal people.

achievements of Fred hollows

*achievements :

• The title of Australian of the Year was awarded to Fred Hollows in 1990 .
• He set up a foundation that would continue his work, called the Fred Hollows Foundation.
• Fred Hollows halved the amount of curable blindness in Australia.
• He cured more than over a million people throughout the world.
• He was admitted as Doctor of Medicine honoris causa at the University of NSW.
• He was also named Eritrea's first honorary citizen.

timeline of Fred Follows

1. 9th of April 1929 : was born in the south of New Zealand
2. 1942: he joined Palmerston Boys High school
3. 1958:married his first wife 
4. 1961: went to Moorfields Eye Hospital in England to study opthalmology
5. 1965: moved to Australia , he became an associate professor of apthalmology at the University of New  SOUTH Wales in Sydney
6. 1965–1992: Hollows was chair of the ophthalmology division
7. 1980:  married  his second wife Gabi Hollows
8. 1989: he was diagnosed with cancer 
9. 1992: travelled to Vietnam for the very first time 
10. 1992: set up the Fred Hollows foundation 
11. 1993: Fred Hollows died: